Leukemia is a cancer of the blood cells. In leukemia, bone marrow began to make many abnormal white blood cells (leukemia cells). These cells are not normal numbers of healthy cells gradually cause anemia, bleeding and infection. The exact cause of leukemia is not known but risk factors have been identified. leukemia are grouped into how quickly spread disease (acute or chronic) and where blood cells are affected ((lymphocytes or myelocytes).
TYPES of leukemia
- Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
It mainly affects adults. It affects cells myleoid and usually grow slowly at first. Have little or no symptoms in the early stages. It is usually diagnosed in the chronic stage when treatment is very effective for most people.
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
This kind almost never affects children. It is found in people over 55 years. It affects lymphoid cells and grow slowly. It is the adult form of the most common chronic leukemia. You may feel good for years and do not require any treatment.
- Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)
Most common type of leukemia in children although adults may get it. It affects lymphoid cells and grows very fast
- Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
It is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults. It affects children as well. Grow rapidly and affect cells myleoid.
*There is also a rare type of leukemia such as hairy cell leukemia
RISK FACTORS
- Smoke
- This increases the risk of AML.
- Last chemotherapy or radiation for another cancer makes you a high risk candidate for this cancer.
- Exposure to high levels of radiation.
These high levels of radiation exposure greatly increases your chances of getting this disease. for example a nuclear bomb accidents increase this high level of radiation.
If your family member has been diagnosed with leukemia, you have a high risk of getting it too.
Exposure to chemicals such as benzene can cause AML. Benzene is used widely in the chemical industry and is found in gasoline and cigarette smoke.
Genetic or inherited disorders such as Down syndrome increases your risk.
- Blood disorder myelodysplastic syndrome and certain other blood disorders increase the risk of AML.
- Human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I): increase the risk of a rare type of leukemia T-cell leukemia-called adults.
TREATMENT
Treatment is based on many factors such as the type of leukemia, the overall health and age.
This is the main form of treatment for leukemia. Drugs that are used to kill cancer cells. You may have a pill or an injection into your vein depends on the type of leukemia you have.
X-rays or other high-energy rays are used to destroy leukemia cells and stop their growth.
- Stem cell transplantation
The purpose of this type of procedure is to destroy the cells in your bone marrow, including the leukemia cells and replace it with a normal healthy cells. .
